gravitational lens
In Einstein's general relativity, gravity necessarily acts not only on material bodies, but also on light - light passing a massive body is deflected. This deflection can be so strong that light of one and the same cosmic object reaches an observer along ...
gravitational field
The totality of all gravitational influences that one or more massive objects can exert on bodies in their vicinity. More precisely: At every location in space, the gravitational field is defined as the acceleration that a small test particle ...
gravitational constant
Constant of nature; the fundamental Newton's law of gravity and thus a measure for the natural strength of gravity. Analogously, in Einstein's equations in the general theory of relativity, it occurs as the proportionality factor determining how strongly ...
gravitation
In classical physics: An action-at-a-distance force by which all bodies that possess mass attract each other (see Newtonian theory of gravity), synonym: gravitational force. In Einstein's general theory of relativity: The fact that matter that possesses ...
Gowdy spacetimes
Gowdy spacetimes (or universes) are simple expanding model universes. In contrast with the better known Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universes (the basis for the big bang models), Gowdy universes are not homogeneous. Instead, they are ...
gold
Chemical element with the symbol Au; each gold nucleus contains 79 protons. Gold nuclei, stripped of their electrons, are among the types of heavy ions which are brought into collision in particle accelerators such as the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in ...
gluons
The carrier particles of the strong nuclear force. They are responsible for binding (glueing) quarks together into compound particles like protons or ...
global positioning system
A system of satellites and mobile receivers that makes it possible to determine each receiver's position with high accuracy. Used by pilots, truckers, car drivers and by many smartphone users world-wide, it is an industrial application of Einstein's theories ...
