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Quantum chromodynamics

Quantum theory of the strong nuclear interactions between quarks (or compound particles made of quarks). These interactions are described via the exchange of carrier particles called gluons, for instance: when two quarks attract each other via the strong nuclear force, that influence is transmitted by gluons flying back and forth between them.

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strong nuclear force (strong force)

One of the four fundamental forces in our universe (the others are electromagnetism, weak nuclear force and gravity). The strong force binds the quarks to form compound particles such as protons and neutrons. Indirectly, it is also responsible for holding together protons and neutrons in atomic nuclei.

quarks (quark)

Elementary particle that is subject to the strong interaction. Quarks come in six species: up, down, strange, charme, bottom and top (with the last two sometimes called beauty and truth). Quarks are the constituents of protons and neutrons, and thus the material atomic nuclei are made of.

nuclear force

Force that binds protons and neutrons together to form atomic nuclei; a side-effect of the strong interaction. See also strong interaction and weak interaction.

gluons

The carrier particles of the strong nuclear force. They are responsible for binding (glueing) quarks together into compound particles like protons or neutrons.

force

In mechanics: Influence acting on a body, trying to accelerate it.

More generally: All influences by which elementary or other particles can interact; in this sense, force and interaction are synonymous. In the standard model of particle physics, there are three elementary forces: electromagnetism, the weak (nuclear) force and the strong (nuclear) force, while there is no quantum description of the fourth fundamental interaction, gravity.

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Quantum chromodynamics

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