Dictionary
wave
In a general sense: any travelling pattern, whether or not it involves matter being transported as well. Simple examples are water-waves – wave crests and troughs travelling over a water surface, and a Mexican wave in a football stadium, with fans alternately standing up and sitting down – the pattern moves throught the stadium, not the fans themselves.
An especially simple form for a wave is a sinus wave, a regular pattern of wave crests and troughs.